Learn about using the hypothetical period
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Cinzia: Ben tornati. Welcome back. |
| Marco: Marco here. Lower intermediate series, season 1, lesson 15. Will You Be On Time For Your Italian Date? |
| Cinzia: Hello everyone. I am Cinzia and welcome to italianpod101. |
| Marco: With us, you will learn to speak Italian with fun and effective lessons. |
| Cinzia: And we also provide you with cultural insights |
| Marco: And tips you won’t find in a textbook. |
| Cinzia: In this lesson, you will learn about using the hypothetical period. |
| Marco: This conversation takes place at Giulia’s house. |
| Cinzia: And it’s between Giulia and Manuel. |
| Marco: And because they are friends, they will be speaking informal Italian. |
| Cinzia: Ah but wait! I have a question. |
| Marco: A question? |
| Cinzia: Yes. I really want to know when was the last time they commented. |
| Marco: Great question. |
| Cinzia: So you should stop by italianpod101.com, leave us a comment or just say hi. |
| Marco: Okay, you heard Cinzia? Let’s listen to the conversation now. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Manuel: Ciao Giulia, sei pronta per uscire? |
| Giulia: Sì, prendo la mia giacca. |
| Manuel: Ti ha chiamato Marcella? |
| Giulia: Sì, ha detto che se torna a Milano in tempo, mi chiama. |
| Manuel: Ma andiamo al ristorante da soli, giusto? |
| Giulia: Certamente! |
| Marco: Let’s hear it slowly now. |
| Manuel: Ciao Giulia, sei pronta per uscire? |
| Giulia: Sì, prendo la mia giacca. |
| Manuel: Ti ha chiamato Marcella? |
| Giulia: Sì, ha detto che se torna a Milano in tempo, mi chiama. |
| Manuel: Ma andiamo al ristorante da soli, giusto? |
| Giulia: Certamente! |
| Marco: And now, with the translation. |
| Manuel: Ciao Giulia, sei pronta per uscire? |
| Manuel: Hi, Giulia, are you ready to go out? |
| Giulia: Sì, prendo la mia giacca. |
| Giulia: Yes, I'll grab my jacket. |
| Manuel: Ti ha chiamato Marcella? |
| Manuel: Has Marcella called you? |
| Giulia: Sì, ha detto che se torna a Milano in tempo, mi chiama. |
| Giulia: Yes, she said that if she gets back to Milan in time, she'd call me. |
| Manuel: Ma andiamo al ristorante da soli, giusto? |
| Manuel: But we are going to the restaurant alone, right? |
| Giulia: Certamente! |
| Giulia: Absolutely! |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Cinzia: Marco, what is the last thing you usually grab before going out? |
| Marco: I think occhiali da sole. |
| Cinzia: Sunglasses? |
| Marco: Yes. |
| Cinzia: What about chiavi? |
| Marco: Yes also keys. What about you? |
| Cinzia: My mobile phone. It’s an addiction actually. |
| Marco: Really? |
| Cinzia: Yeah I think so. |
| Marco: You would leave everything at home except for your cell phone. |
| Cinzia: Except my cell phone and except my money. |
| Marco: Yeah, yeah true. |
| Cinzia: I could forget the keys. |
| Marco: But I guess with a cell phone, with a telefono cellulare you can actually call your mother, your father and your friends and get help. |
| Cinzia: Yes of course, in an emergency situation, you can just use your mobile phone. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Marco: Yeah let’s take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson. Today’s first word is |
| Cinzia: Uscire. |
| Marco: To go out. |
| Cinzia: Uscire. Uscire. |
| Marco: Next word is |
| Cinzia: Prendere. |
| Marco: To take, to get, to grab. |
| Cinzia: Prendere. Prendere. |
| Marco: Next word |
| Cinzia: Giacca. |
| Marco: Jacket. |
| Cinzia: Giacca. Giacca. |
| Marco: Next word |
| Cinzia: Tornare. |
| Marco: To go back, come back, get back. |
| Cinzia: Tornare. Tornare. |
| Marco: Next word is |
| Cinzia: Dire. |
| Marco: To say, to tell. |
| Cinzia: Dire. Dire. |
| Marco: Next word |
| Cinzia: Solo. |
| Marco: Alone, lonely. |
| Cinzia: Solo. Solo. |
| Marco: Today’s last word is |
| Cinzia: Certamente. |
| Marco: Absolutely. |
| Cinzia: Certamente. Certamente. |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Marco: Let’s have a closer look at the usage for some of the words and phrases from this lesson. |
| Cinzia: The first word we will look at is uscire. |
| Marco: And the sample sentence is |
| Cinzia: Sei uscito all’alba. |
| Marco: You went out at dawn. |
| Cinzia: The next word we will look at is prendere. |
| Marco: And the sample sentence is |
| Cinzia: Hai preso le chiavi? |
| Marco: Did you grab the keys? |
| Cinzia: The next word is giacca. |
| Marco: And the sample sentence is? |
| Cinzia: Ho comprato una giacca verde. |
| Marco: I bought a green jacket. Do you have a green jacket Cinzia? |
| Cinzia: Yes because green is my favorite color. |
| Marco: Okay. Is it verde scuro, dark green or verde chiaro? |
| Cinzia: Verde chiaro. |
| Marco: Light green. |
| Cinzia: Yes. |
| Marco: Okay. |
| Cinzia: The next word we will look at is tornare. |
| Marco: And the sample sentence is |
| Cinzia: Ieri sono tornato a casa tardi. |
| Marco: Yesterday I got back home late. |
| Cinzia: The next word is dire. |
| Marco: And the sample sentence is |
| Cinzia: Hai detto a Elisa che stiamo arrivando? |
| Marco: Have you told Elisa we are coming? |
| Cinzia: The next word is solo. |
| Marco: And the sample sentence? |
| Cinzia: Preferisco lavorare da solo. |
| Marco: I prefer working alone. |
| Cinzia: The last word we will look at is certamente. |
| Marco: The sample sentence? |
| Cinzia: Vieni al cinema stasera? Certamente. |
| Marco: Are you coming to the cinema tonight? Absolutely. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Cinzia: And now let’s take a look at today’s grammar. |
| Marco: As we saw in a dialogue, the Italian hypothetical period works nearly the same ways as its English equivalent. |
| Cinzia: In fact, apart from the tense’s agreement, its syntactical structure and the meaning are exactly the same. |
| Marco: Giulia relates what Marcella told her using Si, ha detto che se... |
| Cinzia: Dire che correspond to, to tell someone that. And it’s the most frequently used form when you want to state what someone else said. |
| Marco: The type 1 hypothetical period that follows dire che simply conveys a cause-effect relation. |
| Cinzia: If Marcella gets back to Milano in time, she would call Giulia. |
| Marco: And as is the case with this hypothetical period, we just need to use the presente indicativo, simple present, in both the main and subordinate clause. |
| Cinzia: The type 1 if clause is by far the most used hypothetical period because it subordinates the action of the main clause to the condition expressed in the subordinate phrase. It doesn’t say anything about how speakers feel about them. |
| Marco: If Giulia had thought that Marcella wouldn’t likely get back in time, she would have said Se tornasse a Milano in tempo, mi avrebbe chiamata. Thus using the imperfect subjunctive in the subordinate clause and the present conditional in the main phrase. |
| Cinzia: The only semantic difference is that in this case, Giulia doesn’t really think that Marcella will make it. |
| Marco: Manuel would probably like it better that way right? |
| Cinzia: Oh yeah of course. One last thing for today. Note that Manuel starts his reply saying Ma... |
| Marco: Oh yes interesting point. |
| Cinzia: Yes starting a sentence with ma is normally considered inappropriate in written Italian. |
| Marco: But it is acceptable in informal spoken Italian. |
| Cinzia: Right. |
Outro |
| Marco: That just about does it for today. Before we go, we want to tell you about the way to drastically improve your pronunciation. |
| Cinzia: Which is the voice recording tool. |
| Marco: Yes the voice recording tool in the premium learning center. |
| Cinzia: Record your voice with a click of a button |
| Marco: And then play it back just as easily. |
| Cinzia: So you can record your voice and then you can listen to it. |
| Marco: Compare it to the native speakers |
| Cinzia: And adjust your pronunciation. |
| Marco: This will help you improve your pronunciation fast. Arrivederci. |
| Cinzia: See you soon. |
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