Learn about the third type of hypothetical period
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| INTRODUCTION |
| Marco: Buonasera a tutti. Mi chiamo Marco. Lower intermediate series, season 1, lesson 12. No, That Restaurant has the Best Italian Pizza! |
| Cinzia: Hi, my name is Cinzia and I am joined here by Marco. Come stai oggi Marco? |
| Marco: Oggi sto benissimo, grazie. E tu? |
| Cinzia: Bene, grazie. |
| Marco: Hello and welcome to the lower intermediate series of italianpod101.com |
| Cinzia: Thank you for joining us for this new lesson of lower intermediate series. |
| Marco: Which focuses on intermediate Italian for anyone learning the Italian language. |
| Cinzia: So please join us for this lesson of italianpod101.com. Today we would be studying the hypothetical period again but in particular the third type, the periodo ipotetico della irrealtà. |
| Marco: Irrealtà, an unreal condition, an impossible condition. |
| Cinzia: Yes that’s what the third type of hypothetical period is. |
| Marco: So today we have missione impossibile. |
| Cinzia: Mission Impossible? |
| Marco: Yes well sort of right? |
| Cinzia: Ah no, nothing impossible for me. |
| Marco: In today’s dialogue, I will be Manuel while Cinzia will be? |
| Cinzia: Giulia. |
| Marco: And we are friends, very good friends. |
| DIALOGUE |
| Manuel: Ciao. |
| Giulia: Ciao. |
| Manuel: Scusami ma a La Diligenza è tutto prenotato. |
| Giulia: Se avessi prenotato prima avremmo avuto un tavolo. |
| Manuel: Hai ragione, ma se avessi trovato un tavolo a La Diligenza non avrei prenotato ai Girasoli. |
| Giulia: I Girasoli, ma è fantastico! |
| Marco: Let’s hear it slowly now. |
| Manuel: Ciao. |
| Giulia: Ciao. |
| Manuel: Scusami ma a La Diligenza è tutto prenotato. |
| Giulia: Se avessi prenotato prima avremmo avuto un tavolo. |
| Manuel: Hai ragione, ma se avessi trovato un tavolo a La Diligenza non avrei prenotato ai Girasoli. |
| Giulia: I Girasoli, ma è fantastico! |
| Marco: And now, with the translation. |
| Manuel: Ciao. |
| Manuel: Hi. |
| Giulia: Ciao. |
| Giulia: Hi. |
| Manuel: Scusami ma a La Diligenza è tutto prenotato. |
| Manuel: I am sorry, but at La Diligenza it is all booked. |
| Giulia: Se avessi prenotato prima avremmo avuto un tavolo. |
| Giulia: If you had booked earlier, we would have had a table. |
| Manuel: Hai ragione, ma se avessi trovato un tavolo a La Diligenza non avrei prenotato ai Girasoli. |
| Manuel: You are right, but if I had found a table at La Diligenza, I wouldn't have booked at Girasoli. |
| Giulia: I Girasoli, ma è fantastico! |
| Giulia: Girasoli, that's fantastic. |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| Cinzia: Oh that’s fantastic, La Diligenza, and today we have Girasole, another restaurant. |
| Marco: And we can’t say where you can find these but go around Italy and you will find a lot of places named like these two places here. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Cinzia: Yes and now let’s take a look at today’s vocabulary. |
| Marco: The first word is |
| Cinzia: Scusarsi. |
| Marco: To be sorry, to forgive someone. |
| Cinzia: Scusarsi. Scusarsi. |
| Marco: Next word |
| Cinzia: Prenotato. |
| Marco: Booked. |
| Cinzia: Prenotato. Prenotato. |
| Marco: And next word |
| Cinzia: Prima. |
| Marco: Earlier |
| Cinzia: Prima. Prima. |
| Marco: Next we have an expression |
| Cinzia: Avere ragione. |
| Marco: To be right. |
| Cinzia: Avere ragione. Avere ragione. |
| Marco: And next word? |
| Cinzia: Trovare. |
| Marco: To find |
| Cinzia: Trovare. Trovare. |
| Marco: And finally |
| Cinzia: Fantastico. |
| Marco: Fantastic. |
| Cinzia: Fantastico. Fantastico. |
| VOCAB AND PHRASE USAGE |
| Marco: Now let’s take a look at the usage of some of the words and expressions. |
| Cinzia: The first word we will look at is scusarsi. |
| Marco: And the sample sentence is |
| Cinzia: Scusami, sono in ritardo. |
| Marco: Forgive me, I am late. You can hear this very often in Italian because well, like we said in previous lessons, transportations can have slight delays or |
| Cinzia: Traffic jam. |
| Marco: But it can depend on external circumstances. |
| Cinzia: Next word is prenotato. |
| Marco: Sample sentence please. |
| Cinzia: I biglietti dell’Opera sono tutti prenotati. |
| Marco: The Oprah tickets are all booked. |
| Cinzia: Next word, prima. |
| Marco: And the sample sentence is |
| Cinzia: Se avessi iniziato, prima avrei già finito. |
| Marco: Had I started earlier, I’d be already done. |
| Cinzia: Next, avere ragione. |
| Marco: Sample sentence please Cinzia. |
| Cinzia: Lui pensa di avere sempre ragione. |
| Marco: He thinks to be always right. |
| Cinzia: Next we have a verb, trovare. |
| Marco: And the sample sentence is |
| Cinzia: Ho trovato questo portafoglio. |
| Marco: I found this wallet. |
| Cinzia: And lastly, we have fantastico. |
| Marco: And the sample sentence is |
| Cinzia: Questo è uno spettacolo fantastico. |
| Marco: This is a fantastic show. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Cinzia: And now let’s take a look at today’s grammar. In today’s grammar, we will be analyzing the third type of the hypothetical period which is periodo ipotetico della irrealtà. |
| Marco: Also known as impossible mission. Ah I am joking, I am joking but any way, something that cannot happen. Something impossible. |
| Cinzia: In fact contrary to the previously analyzed conditional sentences types, the periodo ipotetico della irrealtà refers to past occurrences. |
| Marco: So something that in no way can happen now. |
| Cinzia: In particular, the subordinate clause refers to a past condition that wasn’t satisfied. |
| Marco: And therefore, the action in the main clause did not take place. |
| Cinzia: Let’s now compare some sentences to better explain this point. Se Marco arrivasse entro le 5 del pomeriggio, andremmo a giocare a calcio. |
| Marco: If Marco arrived within 5 PM, we would go play football. |
| Cinzia: Se Marco fosse arrivato entro le 5, saremmo andati a giocare a calcio. |
| Marco: If Marco had arrived within 5 PM, we would have gone playing football. |
| Cinzia: So the first sentence conveys a possibility which though not likely to happen is a possible condition. |
| Marco: Instead the second sentence refers to a past condition that was not satisfied, that didn’t happen. In the example, Marco arriving before 5 PM. Therefore the action of the main clause did not take place. |
| Cinzia: So now let’s analyze the tenses and the moods of this third type of hypothetical period. |
| Marco: The periodo ipotetico della irrealtà requires the congiuntivo trapassato |
| Cinzia: Past perfect subjunctive. |
| Marco: In the subordinate clause and the condizionale passato |
| Cinzia: Past conditional. |
| Marco: In the main clause. Here are some more examples to better explain these points. |
| Cinzia: Se fossi stato più attento, non avrei rotto il vaso. |
| Marco: Have I been more careful, I wouldn’t have broken the vase. |
| Cinzia: So as you can see in the subordinate clause, you can find the past perfect subjunctive |
| Marco: Fossi stato. |
| Cinzia: While in the main clause, you find the past conditional |
| Marco: Avrei rotto. |
| Cinzia: Please remember that the order of the clauses can be interchangeable. So you can also say: non avrei rotto il vaso, se fossi stato più attento. It’s just the same. |
| Marco: Let’s take a look at one last example. |
| Cinzia: Se ci fossero state più persone, sarebbe stato un grande concerto. |
| Marco: Had there been more people, it would have been a great concert. |
Outro |
| Cinzia: So my dear listeners, thank you and I think we have said everything today. |
| Marco: Yes. Se avessimo avuto più tempo, avremmo continuato la lezione. |
| Cinzia: Oh what a cool example for periodo ipotetico della irrealtà. |
| Marco: Yes. Had we had more time, we would have continued the lesson. |
| Cinzia: Yes but this is an impossible condition. So, grazie a tutti e alla prossima. Ciao. |
| Marco: Ciao ciao. |
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